Song of Roland Essay Example for Free

nisus of Roland EssayThe Song of Roland, or La Chanson de Roland, is an anonymously written poem about Count Roland and his King Charlemagne. The story takes cast in the eighth century A. D in Spain and France, but the poem was not composed until one-time(prenominal) during the eleventh century A. D. According to tradition, Roland was the nephew of Charlemagne and possessed the sword Durandel and the horn Oliphant. This epic French poem tells a story of betrayal and revenge with poetic imagery. The Song of Roland serves as the foundation of French literature, giving sophisticated readers insight into the cultural life of France.In the Song of Roland, loss leadership and power were extremely important. A leader was meant to be robust, well-spoken and charismatic. Charlemagne was fond of his family, pleasant to foreigners, lively and athletic. However, Charlemagnes sole purpose as a ruler was to defend the Christian religion. Christianity played a major role throughout the Mi ddle Ages in society and politics. The Middle Ages, classified from 600 AD to 1350 AD, was significantly affected by Christianity because of the impact it had on the periodical lives of people of the time. Charlemagne made sure that all of his people were a part of his religion.Charlemagne forced conversion upon the captured people. He needed all his participants to abide his rules No pagan was left within the city who has not been hit or made a Christian. (32) Charlemagne is a Christian and he wanted his people to live the similar faithful life that he did. While Charlemagne reigned over the Roman People, originally, the kings of the Germanic tribes of late antiquity had tether main jobs to act as the highest judge, to act as the highest priest, and to act as the supreme phalanx commander. later(prenominal) on, Kings became Christian and relegated religious authority to the Church. Charlemagne has achieved an actual and symbolic victory over paganism.With his conviction of t he truth of Christianity, feudal, Christian and poetic values were united (26). Kings tried to improve the well being of their countries and their subjects. Charlemagne improved and shaped numerous things in the empire, like presidency, education, and culture. The quality of a leader was able to improve and control the empire and be able to sustain it. Charlemagne noticed how the Franks were not as educated as other civilizations so he set up a school in his palace as well as edifice schools throughout the empire.Charlemagne was determined to reinforce his kingdom and to bring order to Europe. In 772 he launched a 30-year military campaign to accomplish this objective. By 800 Charlemagne was the recognized ruler of Western Europe. By instituting a central government over Western Europe, Charlemagne restored much of the unity of the old Roman Empire and paved the way for the education of modern Europe. The Count Roland was portrayed as a prominent leader. Roland never loved a cow ard, or arrogant men or those of evil character, nor knight, unless he was a good vassal.Roland was a unique person. He showed loyalty, devotion and determination to be a good vassal. (45) It is out of a sense of duty that Roland fought to the termination at Rencesvals. Duty causes Charlemagne to avenge Rolands death. Charlemagne arrives on the field of the battle after Rolands death and is plunged into his bitterest grief. In the poem, duty is often linked to love. Charlemagne and Roland were both leaders yet, they respected each other. The bonds mingled with Charlemagne and Roland, or between Roland and his men, were marked by deep respect and affection.Roland died by trying to protect his people Rolands have got death, preceded by his attempt to prevent the Oliphant from falling into enemy hands. He fought for what he wanted and what he believed in. In the Song of Roland, being a good leader, a Christian, and fighting for something meaningful was what made a good leader. After Roland died, Charlemagne grieved for his beloved companion, Charles mourns him in faith and love Beloved Roland, may God tail your soul amidst the flowers of paradise, amongst the glorious ones. (121) Charlemagne was a good king a good leader and a unfeignedly good person who wanted he well being of his people.

Health and Social Care Level 3 Essay Example for Free

health and Social C are Level 3 EssayObjectivesAll learners should be able to define basis of discrimination. All learners should be able to apologise basis of discrimination Most learners should be able to demonstrate discriminatory practice Some learners should be able to describe effects of discriminatory practice.Basis of discriminatoryCultureA mortals culture is important to them and identifies who they are in the world. In health and kindly care profession, respecting a persons culture is important for all concerned. It also important to health and tender care professionals because they observe the benefits of their care value base which underlines respecting and individuals cultureDisabilityIn health and social care you will work or support people with various disability. This disability Act post it unlawful to discriminate against someone has disability. Are covered include employment, access to goods, facilities and services of organisation, education and so on AgeAge discrimination happens when someone is treated unfavourably because of their age without justification or plague because of their age. Controversies regarding dispensing of expensive drugs to older people because of shorter life expectancy. Denying a person a drug is illegal.Social orderOur social class is apparent from where we live. The higher the class the better place is kept and maintained. The poor are more likely to get cancer than the rich and their chances of survival are poor. Human rightsemphasises that everyone should be treated equally and with dignity no matter of their circumstances.GenderA person cannot be discriminated because of their gender. Health and social service should not discriminate unfairly due to a persons gender. Equality rights of access, health and social care rights must be adhered to.SexualitySexual orientation can be referring to a person who is attracted to anformer(a) person of the same sex. E.g. gay and lesbian. Discrimination against someone due to their sexual orientations against the law.Health statusTaking into account the cost of discussion and the expected quality of life after treatment and overall life expectancy, people taking these decisions should always keep their own assumptions and prejudices.Family statusThis is lead to a variety of discriminations against gay/lesbian parents, single parents, parents of different genders, parents from different race with mix race children and other family grouping

Power of Culture to Create Better Future Essay Example for Free

Power of Culture to Create Better Future EssayIt is right emphasized that The future depends on what you do today. And whatever we do today represents our culture. Actually Culture is a word for masss way of life, meaning the way they do things. Different groups of tribe may have several(predicate) cultures. Culture is seen in peoples writing, religion, music, clothes, cooking, and in what ever they do which makes their country different and unique from others. Culture simply means to control the over nature. It includes the outlook, attitude, values, goals and practices shared by society. As different people have different cultures, they have different ways of thinking almost and understanding the world and their own lives. As for my country, I believe that my culture is a lot different from others. My culture says to meet every star with a smile. My culture teaches me how to do good deeds. It teaches me to prevail brotherhood. How would a nation kick the bucket without b rotherhood? Without peace? How would u want your future to be? Violent? No right? So thats how our culture admirers to create a kick downstairs future. We all would definitely want a composed future and if we quest after our culture, we would definitely have it like we want.Our culture also includes the way we dress. Our dressing plays one of the most important parts in our culture. It shows our belonging to our country. As in my country women are sibylline to cover themselves or they are said to be half responsible for violence. If we dont follow this tradition then definitely our future cant be good. If we follow these traditions instanter, our children who are the veridical future will learn this and this would lead them towards betterment and as it is said, A person without the knowledge of their historic history, origin and culture is like a tree without rootsCulture also means the incorporated pattern of human knowledge and belief. And whatever people believe today com es from education. As Malcolm X said, teaching method is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today. fostering is the main way for a better future. If we wont be educated now, what will happen in the future? My countrys culture teaches me to loaf education, no matter how long you have to travel. And if we follow the culture today, we would get what we want in the future.Education is the key to success. It can help us in the development of our nation. People now days usually forbid women education but The founder of Pakistan, Quid-e- Azam M. A. Jinnah said, NO nation can achieve anything, until it is women who go gradient by side with men even to the battle field. Women and men are equal. This difference has been finished now days. There are working and successful women who influence our daughters to do something better for the future. That is the power of our culture.It influences the todays world which inspires the new generation. Educ ation also enables us to create new technology which makes our lives easier. Today, the world is overmuch more problem free than the olden times. The reason is because technology is invented. More technology may help our lives get easier and lead us towards a better future. Cultures influence our lives. They teach us the rules to live in a country. Our culture also says to follow rules. We follow rules and this can be counted as a tone towards betterment.Not following rules may lead to accidents and accidents are the first step towards violence and terrorism. Following rules, whether in our country, home, school or anywhere, can be counted as a help towards a better future. In the end I would just like to say that now a days people are forgetting about our culture. Following our culture might help us create a better future. Every little step counts. Now its up to us if we want to start the journeying because as Bob Marley said Every man gotta right to decide his own destiny.

Microeconomics and Macroeconomics Essay Example for Free

Microeconomics and Macroeconomics EssayMicroeconomics is a branch of economics which deals with the test of resource parcelling decisions within the confines of the sub-segments of an economy much(prenominal) as households and business firms (Arnold, 2010). Central to this study is an examination of how prices of goods and work in a market influence their demand and supply. Macroeconomics on the other hand deals with the study of the disposition of the economy as a whole national, regional or a global economy (Agarwal, 2007). It deals with such issues such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and the influences of a larger economy such as exercise and inflation. The main deviance is and then the scope of study since it can be argued that microeconomics is a subset of macroeconomics. Another difference is that microeconomics focuses on consumers and businesses while macroeconomics deals with industries and nations (Arnold, 2007). Additionally, microeconomics deals with the fo rces of demand and supply in a market while macroeconomics studies the effect of such issues as interest rates, exchange rates and employment output on a national scale. Generally, microeconomic studies take a bottom-up approach while the macroeconomic studies take a top-down approach.An practice session of a microeconomic phenomenon would be on pricing policies. A company may want to hump what price to charge for a product they are introducing to the market. This is a microeconomic decision since to answer such a question, knowledge of the nature of market and the economic forces prevailing in it is important. One would need to study in detail the demand and supply of the commodity, utility to the consumer, competition from other suppliers and other microeconomic factors in the lead coming up with a pricing decision.The increase in oil prices in an economy is an exercising of a macroeconomic phenomenon. Such price changes may be influenced by various factors which can wholly b e explained at a macroeconomic level. The reasons could be inflation in an economy, war or semipolitical instability in a particular region of the world.A microeconomic decision made at home would be a changeover to taking tea as opposed to coffee. This is informed by an increase in the prices of coffee with no change in the level of income. The factors influencing this decision are thus the price, cost, the income level and the availability of a substitute which is tea. This therefore leads to a consumer being cushioned against price increases which would other affect his economic welfare.Macroeconomic factors prevailing upon an economy affect the operations of the sub-segments of the economy. This in turn would fork up an effect on the economic decisions made by consumers. The macroeconomic phenomenon of increase in oil prices in the world market coupled with inflation influenced a personal decision to buy a smaller car which is fuel economical as opposed to larger cylinder ca pacity vehicles which consume more than fuel. Such larger capacity cars are a symbol of status but are sensibly expensive to maintain in light of higher oil prices. This therefore has to be foregone in light of a benefit of reduction in cost. This has led to more savings by bring down on the budget on transportation.In summary, it can be said that microeconomics and macroeconomics are two study and indeed very important fields of study in economics. They are different but relate and interdependent since they have certain common objects of study. Both microeconomic and macroeconomic factors are key in decision making and thus the study of both is invaluable to understanding the operations of the economy. They provide indispensable tools to the understanding the generation of revenue in the business operations of firms and the economy as a whole.ReferencesAgarwal, V. (2007). Macroeconomics. parvenu Delhi McDraw-Hill.Arnold, R. (2010). Microeconomics. Mason, OH Cengage Learning. Melvin, M., Boyes, W. (2008). Microeconomics. Mason, OH Cengage Learning.

Preparing To Conduct Business Research Essay Example for Free

Preparing To Conduct Business Research raiseIntroductionIn adding business research for the NFL organization dicks to collect information and conduct interviews go forth fall upon to be used. The appropriate sample and research regularitys lead also be discussed for this research process. The NFL organization testament see great benefits from conducting this research to reach the right conclusions about the problems they are facing as of late with their players violating the leagues ad hominem conduct and substance abuse policies (2014 NFL Fines/suspensions Tracker, 2014). Their players lose also been a break away of many domestic violence arrests. (Morris, 2014).Sampling/Research MethodsFor this particular research, this study will require purposive sampling. The participants will scram to be chosen arbitrarily for their unique characteristics, experiences, attitudes, or perceptions. Then as abstract or theoretical categories of participants develop during the interview process, raw(a) participants will be sought out to repugn emerging patterns (Cooper Schindler, 2014). The jump two forums will have to be NFL players who have a history of universe involved in in-person conduct and substance abuse violations, and those who do not. Individual interviews will have to be conducted face to face during the players practices or other down time they may have.If they choose to participate in the study, individual interviews will allow each player to feel more than comfortable manduction truthful information about themselves and their possible involvement in personal conduct and substance abuse violations. The interviews will be semi-structured in nature because semi-structured interviews develop a dialog amongst interviewer and participant, and use the skill of the interviewer to extract more data and a greater variety of data, and screw fulfill greater clarity and elaboration ofthe participants answers (Cooper Schindler, 2014).Ins truments to Use to Collect Qualitative InformationThe instrument that will be used to collect this qualitative information will be aspect via personal interview. This is because the depth and detail of information that can be secured is greater. The interviewer has the ability to improve the quality of information composed with this technique over any other methods. This is because the interviewer has the ability to observe the participants and see if they are having a warm time lowstanding questions and make it so that the participants can relate to them and feel more comfortable general responding to them considering the nature of the questions that the NFL players will be answering (Cooper Schindler, 2014).Appropriate Sample MethodThe appropriate take method for this research is a probability sampling because personal records of the players are already on file and they can choose narrow down the candidates for the plenty to determine the best ones. Although with all the c are taken for the survey some people will refuse to participate (Cooper Schindler, 2014). Due to players refusing to participate sampling error is belike to rise and the researchers would take that into account when determining the sample method (Cooper Schindler, 2014).Sampling FrameThe sampling phase that would be used for this research study would be drawn from the roosters of the current players that are shortly held by the coaches. To increase the sampling group this would also include previous players that had been involved with the league (Cooper Schindler, 2014). The researchers would pull from a larger commonwealth and then use a screening procedure to eliminate those who are not members of the group that the team wishes to study (Cooper Schindler, 2014). Players have been accused of the infraction in the past or currently have a case pending will not be included in the survey. The players will be assigned numbers and chosen at random to be surveyed.Appropriate Sampl ing size of itHow large a sample should be is a function of the variation in thepopulation parameters under study and the estimating precision needed by the researcher (Cooper Schindler, 2014). Due to the variance that could arise within the population the sample of the research would need to be larger to account for the variance (Cooper Schindler, 2014). The sampling size will also be large due to the smaller error range needed to determine the punishments for the players that clothe break the player code of conduct set by the league. Cost considerations would not affect the size of the sampling because the current and former players will not be compensated for their survey.Sample SizeThe sample size regarding this particular experiment will be determined as followed the first sample group will be NFL players known for having a history in being involved in personal conduct and substance abuse violations and the second sample group will be NFL players who do not have a history in either of those regards. As of now in the 2014 season, 41 NFL players have been suspended for substance abuse or personal conduct that can be interviewed in the first group and the remaining 1,655 players to choose from in the second group (2014 NFL Fines/suspensions Tracker, 2014).Qualitative Methods macrocosm UsedThe qualitative method being used in the experiment is survey by face-to-face interview. The benefit to a face-to-face interview is being able to observe and record nonverbal as well as verbal communication (Cooper Schindler, 2014). It is believed that this method will produce the most honest, truthful data and in a study like this it is important to make your samples feel comfortable in opening up.Statistical Tests Being UsedA powerful statistical test is recommended for this experiment. The number of players who have been suspended is too low, so its important to make sure the sample size will give enough data to make the experiment valid against the interviews don e in the second group.Results and ConclusionsThe individuals that are in charge of gathering the data that is needed to create new policies for off-field incidences is going to make sure that they get every(prenominal)thing they need to make new policies. They are going to want thesenew policies to stay intact and not change every year. From the results, the NFL should be able to answer the original research question, What should the off-field punishments be based on what the incident was? In conclusion, the NFL was made aware that the policies for punishment of off-field incidences wasnt strict enough.The NFL had to start by conduction interviews with players that were open to sharing information. The instrument that was used is qualitative information. The appropriate sample method for this research is a probability sampling because personal records of the players are already on file and they can choose narrow down the candidates for the survey to determine the best ones. Once al l the information was gathered, the NFL was able to share the data by creating new policies for off-field incidences.References2014 NFL Fines/Suspensions Tracker. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.spotrac.com/fines-tracker/nfl/2014/suspensions/ Cooper, D.R. Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Morris, B. (2014, July 31). The Rate of Domestic Violence Arrests Among NFL Players. DataLab. Retrieved September 26, 2014, from http//fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/the-rate-of-domestic-violence-arrests-among-nfl-players/

Gross Domestic Product Essay Example for Free

Gross Domestic Product Essay2. Using tuition from our textbook and from the following BEA links, define each of the sub percentages of unwashed domestic product and discuss their importance. (20 points)The BEA links behttp//www.bea.gov/ field/pdf/nipa_primer.pdfMeasuring the Economy A Primer on gross domestic product and the National Income and Product Accounts http//www.bea.gov/about/pdf/jep_spring2008.pdf winning the Pulse of the Economy Measuring GDPhttp//www.bea.gov/scb/pdf/national/nipa/methpap/mpi1_0907.pdfAn Introduction to the National Income and Product Accounts1. GDP is Gross domestic product. GDP is the market value of all the well behaveds and services produced by labor and blank space located in the country. The GDP is comprised of Sub-Components to the Major Components. The components of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) tell you what that country is good at producing.2. Personal consumption measures the real value of goods and services purchased by individuals. It is very important because everywhere 70% of what the U.S. produces is for personal consumption.3. Goods Comprehensive is the measure of how much consumers spend each month. This uncludes durable goods, consumer products, and services. This is an important grammatical constituent because it is an taked measure of GDP, and the figure acts an indicator for economic trends. How much consumers spend also has an affect on inflationary pressures. Goods or products make up nearly one-fourth of the US economy.4. Durable Goods be the bad goods that yield utility over time, rather than being completely consumed all at once. Some examples of durables goods ar automobiles, jewelry, and furniture. Although this is the smallest category ( altogether 7%), it still has an impact on GDP.5. Nondurable Goods argon soft goods or consumables, which be goods that need replaced immediately or ar used all at one time. Examples of nondurable goods are nourishment and clothing. These goods also make u p a small portion (16%), however, still important to GDP.6. Services are explained as the non-material equivalent of a good. Service provision has been defined as an economic activity that does non result in ownership. No transfer of possession takes place when services are sold. Examples of such are financial services or healthcare. Nearly half (47%) of US GDP is made up services, not products. This makes this portion very important.7. Gross hush-hush domestic investment (I) are the expenditures on capital goods that are used for productive activities in the domestic economy that are undertaken by the business sector during a given period of time. Gross close domestic investment make up anywhere amidst 12-18% of gross domestic product. Investment is an important cause of business fluctuations.8. Fixed investments are the investment expenditures that include capital goods, such as means of production, that most people consider spending on inflexible capital. This area is import ant because it is one of two main categories of gross private domestic investment include in the National Income and Product Accounts maintained by the Bureau of Economic Analysis.9. Nonresidentials are the purchases of nonresidential structures, equipment, and software. Nonresidentials are important for future productivity growth, optimism of businesses, and economic growth.10. Structures are important in general. These are office buildings, shop centers, warehouses, restaurants, industrial buildings and institutional buildings.11. Equipment and software are hardware and machinery. These are important for increasing and improving productivity.12. Residentials are homes, apartments, or condominiums and residential equipment that is owned by landlords and rented to tenants. These areas account for about a quarter of all private investment.13. Change in private inventories are the transfigures in inventory investment which measure the value of the change in the physical volume of inv entories over a specified period. This includes the value of goods owned by private business at the end of a specified period, whether the goods were made in that period or in the past. Inventory investment makes up a very small percentage of GDP, however, it is still an important component of GDP.14. Net exports of goods and services (X-IM) are described as the growth in imports and exports of goods in the U.S. These goods are only finished goods, not including intermediate products. Imports and exports have great effects on GDP.15. Exports (X) are an addition to GDP and therefore, are important. They are a way of economic transfer.16. Goods are the physical products sent or transported afield for future trade or sale.17. Services include non-material goods. This is usually economic activity sold away(p) the US.18. Imports (IM) are economic transfers that are opposite, yet greater than exports.19. Goods include physical products that are purchased and sent in from foreign countri es.20. Services are non physical products that are sent in from foreign countries. 21. Government consumptions expenditures and gross investment (G) is usually subtracted from the actual GDP numbers and the growth rate. This is so that it is possible to reach an easier consciousness of activity and demand. Because the governments actions can be dependent on other factors than supply and demand, it is important to reach this figure.22. federal official is the measure of the federal governments expenditures.

Social Exclusion Of Different Types Of People Social Work Essay

fond Exclusion Of Different Types Of population favorable Work EssayTo what extent ar EITHER children OR tidy sum with disabilities OR honest-to-goodness citizenry OR quite a little with illnesses heartyly excluded? well-disposed excision is a blend of multi-dimensional and mutually reinforcing processes of deprivation associated with a progressive dissociation from companionable milieus, resulting in the isolation of individuals and groups from the main-stream of opportunities guild has to offer (Vleminckx and Berghman, 2001, p6)In this piece of work I am going to discuss the notion of kind expulsion using the service user group of populate with learning disabilities to give examples of neighborly animadversion and to show what the politics is doing to tackle kind exclusion. The quote above is a complex description of the condition social exclusion, and perhaps a simpler explanation would be the definition given by BMJ Journals (2001) which defines social exclus ion as the inability of our guild to keep all groups and individuals within reach of what we expect as a night club and the tendency to push vulnerable and difficult individuals into the least popular places (p1). Exclusion is linked to a individuals identity, and the identity of a mortal that has been excluded becomes oppressed, which in turn leads to the person finding it difficult to control their ingest life, and which inevitably leads to further exclusion from fraternity (Dominelli, 2002).It is to a fault important to realise that when discussing exclusion you must also need to take into account the Government initiatives on inclusion, as these initiatives be proactive rather than reactive, which substance they react to the conundrum instead of trying to prevent the problem before it arises (Thompson, 2001). The report, Inclusion through intromission Tackling Social Exclusion Through New Technologies is a good example of how exclusion and inclusion argon linked togeth er (www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk, 2006). This report explores the amendment of the quality of life for the more or less excluded groups in society by using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to meet their complex needs (www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk, 2006).The Joint Report on Social Protection and Social Inclusion, that was published by the EU in 2005, tells us how a well designed social protection system not only leads to good economic development but helps to fight the problem of social exclusion (www.europa.eu.int, 2006).A significant piece of legislation that affects the whole population is the tender Rights Act 1998, and Mind (2006) makes us aware that there are articles within this Act that are circumstantial to people with learning disabilities these articles include the right to life, prohibition of inhumane or degrading treatment, prohibition of diversity and the right to education. Whilst this piece of legislation is in place, our society should not b e facing the problem of social exclusion, let alone having to produce and implement more initiatives in a bid to control the problem (Mind, 2006).People with learning disabilities are one of the most vulnerable groups in society, and the Government is committed to improving their life chances(www.dh.gov.uk, 2006)The Government in various ways is dealing with social exclusion, although this is difficult because social exclusion comes in many different forms. Despite this, the Government is dedicated to tackling these problems, although many initiatives come late in the process, addressing consequences rather than causes (www.mind.org.uk, 2006, p1). Mind (2006) also informs us that in our society it is the learning disabled that are amongst the most isolated groups. Thompson (2001) tells us that disabled people piss never had priority status in social work, and this particular area has lots been given precise little attention on training courses for this profession. This in itself can be seen as discriminatory and leads to what is now known as disablism (Thompson, 2001). Thompson (2001) describes disablism as referring to the junto of social forces, cultural values and personal prejudices which marginalizes disabled people, portrays them in as negative light and thus oppresses them. This combination encapsulates a powerful ideology which has the effect of denying disabled people full participation in mainstream social life (p112). When discussing the exclusion of learning disabled people from society it is important to take into account the checkup model of the disability and the social model of the disability the medical model of disability looks at the person and their difficulties in terms of their condition and looks to repair the person, whereas in contrast the social model of the disability looks towards the society being disabling as society is not making enough provisions to enabled the disabled person to lead what we consider to be a normal life ( Thompson, 2001). There is an important link amidst social exclusion and poverty because of benefit rules people with learning disabilities are rough-and-readyly unable to get hold of employment which means that they fuck off to rely on benefits to survive, which rules out the chance of them ever owning their own firm which is a common goal for much of the nation (Davies, 2002). Although education is becoming increasingly available for people with learning disabilities, especially opportunities for further education, the reality is that there are still no jobs available for people that are learning disabled, and inevitably this group of people end up re-entering education again as there are no other opportunities for them (Davies, 2002). People with learning disabilities often struggle to find relationships if they are still living with their parents they very rarely spend time with other people of the same age, and those who attain left their parents home tend to have only a s mall social group of people with similar disabilities to their own (Davies, 2002). Because of the protectiveness of parents of children with learning disabilities their children become very dependant on them so when they get older they find it difficult to cope on their own which in turn leads to further segregation for society (Davies, 2002). Another aspect that excludes people with learning disabilities is that they have a lack of information of the range of service that they are entitled to, from health to housing, although Mencap has produced a fancy bank of information to help resolve this problem. The picture bank is a range of visual explanations that can be accessed by people with learning disabilities (www.mencap.org.uk/ hypertext mark-up language/accessibility/accessibility.asp, 2006), and has also helped the Guardian newspaper to publish a news stories with easy to read linguistic communication and pictures.Watt (2001) tells us that it is in the past 20 years that socie ty has become immensely odds-on in the UK, where some people have done extremely well and others have not. It appears that the Government has recognise the issues surrounding social exclusion for many years, but their proposed firmness of purposes are small for the problems that apply to the whole of society (Watt, 2001).The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (2006) emphasizes the fact that people who have become socially excluded often become part of a vicious cycle of related problems which include unemployment, low incomes, poor housing, speculative health and family breakdown, and its focus is to prevent this from happening in the future by fighting the problem now. The Social Exclusion Unit repeatedly tells us that it is critical to implement early preventative action, and children and young people are especially vulnerable to the effects of social exclusion (www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk, 2006, p1).Valuing People (Department of Health, 2001) The white paper called Valuin g People a new strategy for Learning Disability for the 21st Century was published by the Government on 20th March 2001, and was a paint turning point for people with learning disabilities, and not only addressed their needs, but proposed a way of trying to make their lives better (www.mind.org.uk, 2006). Four of the key principles in this white paper were civil rights, independence, choice and inclusion things that people born without disabilities take for disposed(p) (www.mind.org.uk, 2006). The main aim of Valuing People was to give people with learning disabilities a chance to have a real say in where they live, what work they should do and who looks after them (Department of Health, 2001a). Valuing People sets out proposals from the Government to improve the life chances and opportunities for people with learning disabilities and their families, and looks towards collaboration between different agencies in order to achieve this (Niace, 2003). nix about us without us (Departm ent of Health, 2001b)This report was published by the Department of Health regarding the rights of people who have learning disabilities, and the report says that a person with learning difficulties cannot have their lives discussed without them being present so that they are involved in making the decisions about their life (Department of Health, 2001). The report also says that if decisions are being do that could affect people with learning disabilities then there must be people present that have learning disabilities (Department of Health, 2001).A report called Hidden Lives was published by the charity Turning Point, in which they examined how effective legislation had been in tackling social exclusion (Batty, 2004). The results of the report were quite alarming, with many service users claiming that improvement had been very slow, and the charity fear that people with learning disabilities are facing social exclusion forever (Batty, 2004).The solution to social exclusion lies not in myriad attempts ro repair society at points of breakdown, but in persuading relatively affluent groups that social inclusion is worth paying for (Watt, 2001)